Safeguarding Markets Against Fire Outbreaks

A recent blaze that destroyed about 15 shops at Akpan Andem Market in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, has once again highlighted the fragile situation of Nigerian market traders. The incident was preventable: the fire truck dispatched to the scene ran out of diesel, leaving traders to watch their businesses turn to ash.

Markets across Nigeria often operate under conditions that make them highly susceptible to fire. Overcrowded, poorly constructed buildings, illegal electrical connections, and the storage of flammable goods in close proximity create a perfect storm for disasters. Narrow aisles also hinder emergency vehicles from reaching the source of a blaze quickly.

In Akpan Andem Market, a faulty electrical socket ignited the fire, consuming goods worth millions of Naira. The International Federation of Red Cross has noted similar patterns worldwide, where informal markets suffer disproportionately from fires due to inadequate infrastructure and weak regulatory oversight. What makes the Nigerian case particularly striking is not only the frequency of such incidents but also the systemic neglect that follows.

Many traders operate without insurance, viewing premiums as an unnecessary expense rather than essential protection. They also lack access to functional fire extinguishers or basic fire safety training. When a disaster strikes, they face complete financial loss and must rebuild from scratch, often taking on debt. The human cost extends beyond money: families lose their primary source of income, children’s education is jeopardised, and communities suffer economic strain.

Action is required. Governments should mandate and fund regular fire safety inspections in all markets, with clear penalties for non‑compliance. Dedicated market fire stations, equipped with functional vehicles and trained personnel, should be established within walking distance of major commercial hubs. Electrical infrastructure must be professionalised, with certified electricians installing and maintaining power systems while illegal connections are systematically eliminated.

Mandatory micro‑insurance schemes should be introduced for all market traders, with subsidies for those who cannot afford premiums. This would create a safety net that prevents total devastation. The Akwa Ibom State Government bears significant responsibility for the preventable disaster, as its failure to maintain the fire service—evidenced by the diesel‑short truck—directly contributed to the extent of the losses.

The state must fully compensate affected traders, enabling them to rebuild their businesses and resume their lives. Accountability is essential. Traders must also take ownership of their survival. The culture of avoiding insurance must change urgently. Business insurance, even at modest coverage levels, can mean the difference between a temporary setback and permanent ruin. Market associations should organise group insurance schemes that reduce premiums through collective bargaining. Government and NGOs should facilitate insurance education programmes specifically targeting market communities. Nigerian markets can transform from disaster zones into thriving, safe commercial hubs.

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